High temperatures adversely affect the hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae) fitness and aphid prey consumption

Authors: GREGOIRE NOEL, JESSICA CAETANO, SOLENE BLANCHARD, ANTOINE BOULLIS, FREDERIC FRANCIS

Abstract: Numerous studies have shown that an increase of environmental temperature could directly disturb insect larval development. Natural enemies of insect pests, particularly predators of aphid populations, are not spared. Following temperature predictions of Belgian climate change scenario, the goal of this study is to measure life-history traits, such as the mass, body length and aphid consumption (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776)) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) of Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer, 1776) (Diptera: Syrphidae) larvae under three constant temperature treatments (i.e. 20, 23, and 26 °C). We detected no significant differences between 20 °C and 23 °C on the hoverflies larval development, their aphidophagous potential, as well as their mortality, pupation and emergence rates, while 26 °C had a deleterious effect on these parameters and the fitness of E. balteatus except for the total of consumed aphid per larva. Therefore, the high temperature could be disadvantageous for larval predation efficiency of E. balteatus. The outcomes of this study provide a new overview about ecological features of E. balteatus in the context of biological control under Belgian climate change.

Keywords: Climate change, larval development, Episyrphus balteatus, Aphid consumption, Acyrthosiphon pisum

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