Histological changes in the bone structure induced at 12 weeks by experimental administration of bisphosphonates

Authors: HOREA ARTIMONIU ALMAŞAN, MIHAELA BACIUT, OANA CRISTINA ALMAŞAN, SIMION BRAN, GRIGORE BACIUT

Abstract: Histological changes in bone structure were induced at 12 weeks by experimental administration of bisphosphonates, which have been associated with osteonecrosis of the jaws. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of local administration of bisphosphonate on bone formation in rats. Surgically created bone defects were evaluated at 12 weeks by histological examination after bisphosphonate administration. Fifteen Wistar rats that underwent surgery to create a bone defect at the right femur were divided in 3 groups: 2 experimental groups and a control group. The 1st experimental group received bisphosphonate as a single 1-mL dose into the bone defect, the 2nd experimental group received 1 mL of bisphosphonate as a 10-day fractionated dose, and the control group comprised rats who did not receive any bisphosphonate. At 12 weeks after the injection, new bone tissue was collected and a histological examination was performed. At 12 weeks after the bisphosphonate administration, bone repair processes were found in both the experimental and control groups. The bone continuity in the intervention area was ensured by a continuous layer of bone tissue. Compared with the control, the repair processes were significantly more advanced in the experimental groups, the layer of bone tissue covering the bone defect being thicker and more consolidated and the trabeculae from the Haversian canal being thicker and denser. External and internal consolidation structures were present in animals from all of the groups. Bisphosphonate had a positive influence on bone formation. The stimulatory effect of the bisphosphonate increased with the number of administered doses.

Keywords: Bisphosphonate, rat, bone remodeling, histology

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