In vitro determination of the anthelmintic potential of Arum rupicola Boiss var. rupicola

Authors: TUĞRUL ATALAY, KADER YILDIZ

Abstract: Arum rupicola Boiss var. rupicola is a preferred ingredient in traditional medicine in various countries, including Türkiye. The current study aims to establish the antiparasitic effect of A. rupicola Boiss var. rupicola on the eggs and larvae of T. canis in vitro. An ovicidal effect was not detected in the plant extracts, and embryogenesis in the T. canis eggs was not affected by the leaves' ethanolic extract and the distilled water extract of the rhizome during the incubation periods (6, 12, and 24 h). The larvicidal activity was observed in both extracts on the T. canis larvae after hatching. All T. canis larvae were motile after being incubated for 6 h with the leaf extract at 10 mg/mL. However, after 12 and 24 h of incubation at the same dose, the paralysed larvae rate was 9% and 15%, respectively. After 6, 12, and 24-h incubation with the leaf extract at 40 mg/mL, the paralysed larvae rates were 30%, 37%, and 42%, respectively. Dose and time factor analysis results were significant statistically in the leaf extracts (p < 0.001). The paralysed larvae rate was 10%, 12%, and 17% after 6, 12, and 24-h incubation, respectively, with the undiluted rhizome extract. Dose and time factor analysis results were statistically insignificant in the rhizome extracts (p > 0.05). Cytotoxic and haemolytic activities were observed only in the leaf extract. The paralysed larvae rate was 1.45 times higher in the leaf extracts than in the rhizome extracts (p < 0.001). Future studies may elucidate the effect of A. rupicola Boiss var. rupicola extracts on visceral larva migrans during in vivo experiments and determine the effectiveness of these plant extracts on other parasites.

Keywords: Arum rupicola Boiss var. rupicola, extract, Toxocara canis, in vitro, ovicidal, larvicidal

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