Genotoxic effects of banding procedure with different orthodontic cements on human oral mucosa cells

Authors: FIRAT ÖZTÜRK, ŞENGÜL YÜKSEL, EBUBEKİR TOY, ELÇİN LATİFE KURTOĞLU, EYÜP BURAK KÜÇÜK

Abstract: To assess the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of banding procedure with 5 different orthodontic cements on human oral buccal epithelium cells. Materials and methods: Fifty healthy volunteers (mean age: 14.54 ± 2.37 years) were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10. Preformed stainless steel molar bands (3M Unitek) were cemented to the upper and lower first molar teeth with 5 different orthodontic cements (Durelon, GC Fuji Ortho Band LC Paste Pak, Meron, Ultra Band Lok, and 3M Unitek Multi Cure) in each group. Genotoxic effects of the banding procedure for a 1-month period were evaluated using the micronucleus test (MNT). To monitor cytotoxic effects, binucleated cells (BNs), karyolysis (KL), and karyorrhexis (KR) were also evaluated in this setting. Results: Analysis of micronuclei in buccal epithelial cells revealed a significant increase in chromosomal damage in all groups (P < 0.01). Significant differences were found in the number of BNs in the groups receiving treatment with Meron, Ultra Band Lok, Durelon, and 3M Multi Cure (P < 0.01). Banding with GC Fuji and Durelon significantly elevated KL frequencies (P < 0.05). Durelon had a significant effect on KR (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Band cementation with conventional glass ionomer cement (Meron) showed the least genotoxic effects. The highest cytotoxic effects on human oral buccal epithelium cells were found in the polycarboxylate cement (Durelon) group.

Keywords: Biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, micronucleus test

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