On the Mesyan conjecture

Authors: PEDRO SOUZA FAGUNDES, THIAGO CASTILHO DE MELLO, PEDRO HENRIQUE DA SILVA DOS SANTOS

Abstract: The well-known Lvov--Kaplansky conjecture states that the image of a multilinear polynomial $f$ evaluated on $n\times n$ matrices is a vector space. A weaker version of this conjecture, known as the Mesyan conjecture, states that if $m=\deg f$ and $n\geq m-1$ then its image contains the set of trace zero matrices. Such conjecture has been proved for polynomials of degree $m \leq 4$. The proof of the case $m=4$ contains an error in one of the lemmas. In this paper, we correct the proof of such lemma and present some evidence which allows us to state the Mesyan conjecture for the new bound $n \geq \frac{m+1}{2}$, which cannot be improved.

Keywords: Images of polynomials, Lvov-Kaplansky conjecture, Mesyan conjecture, polynomial identities, central polynomials

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