Development of a biosensor platform based on ITO sheets modified with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane for early detection of TRAP1

Authors: BERFİN VURAL, MELTEM ÇALIŞKAN, MUSTAFA KEMAL SEZGİNTÜRK

Abstract: The aim of this research was to design an electrochemical immunosensor for determination of tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated protein-1(TRAP1) antigen, a heat shock protein linked to tumour necrosis factor. The indium-tin oxide covered polyethylene terephthalate (ITO-PET) electrode surface was cleaned and was prepared for the introduction of hydroxyl groups on its surface by using NH$_{4}$ OH/H$_{2}$O$_{2}$/H$_{2}$O. As a silanization agent for covalent attachment of anti-TRAP1 on the surface of the ITO working electrode, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (3-GOPS) was used. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to characterize the immobilization steps. A variety of parameters, 3-GOPS and anti-TRAP1 concentrations, and anti-TRAP1 and TRAP1 incubation durations were optimized. After determining the optimum conditions, characterization studies such asrepeatability,reproducibility,regeneration,squarewavevoltammetry,andsinglefrequencyimpedancewereperformed. The electrochemical immunosensor has presented an extremely wide determination range for TRAP1 from 0.1 pg/mL to 100 pg/mL.

Keywords: 3-GOPS, ITO-PET, TRAP1, immunosensor, biosensor

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