Green and efficient synthesis of novel bispyrazoles through a tandem Knoevenagel and Michael type reaction using nanowire zinc oxide as a powerful and recyclable catalyst

Authors: KHALIL ESKANDARI, BAHADOR KARAMI, SAEED KHODABAKHSHI, SEYYED JAFAR HOSEINI

Abstract: Zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs) were prepared and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. ZnO NWs were then employed as heterogeneous and recyclable catalyst for green synthesis of some new and known bispyrazole derivatives through a tandem Knoevenagel and Michael type addition reaction of aromatic aldehyde and pyrazolone. The synthetic method is operationally simple and affords product with high yields in short reaction times.

Keywords: Zinc oxide nanowire, bispyrazole, aldehyde, green synthesis, nanocatalyst

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