Cu(II) immobilized on Fe$_{3}$O$_{4}$ @Agarose nanomagnetic catalyst functionalized with ethanolamine phosphate-salicylaldehyde Schiff base: a magnetically reusable nanocatalyst for preparation of 2-substituted imidazolines, oxazolines, and thiazolines

Authors: ZEINAB ZAREI, BATOOL AKHLAGHINIA

Abstract: Herein we synthesized Cu(II) immobilized on Fe$_{3}$O$_{4}$ @Agarose functionalized with ethanolamine phosphate{ salicylaldehyde Schiff base (Fe$_{3}$O$_{4}$ @Agarose/SAEPH$_{2}$ /Cu(II)) as a new and cost-effective nanomagnetic catalyst. The nanomagnetic catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, VSM, SEM-EDX, TEM, TGA, and ICP techniques and it was found that the particles were about 9-25 nm in size and spherical with entrapment of the Fe$_{3}$O$_{4}$ particles in the hollow pore structure of the agarose. The prepared nanomagnetic catalyst showed excellent activity for preparation of 2-substituted imidazolines, oxazolines, and thiazolines. The catalyst is easy to prepare and exhibits higher catalytic activity than some commercially available copper sources. More importantly, this nanomagnetic catalyst can be easily recovered by using a permanent magnet and reused for at least seven cycles without signicant deactivation.

Keywords: Agarose, Schiff base complex, nanomagnetic catalyst, 2-substituted imidazolines, 2-substituted oxazolines and 2-substituted thiazolines

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