Vietnamese Ganoderma: growth, peculiarities, and low-molecular composition compared to European and Siberian strains

Authors: Olga TSIVILEVA, Thao NGUYEN, Long VU, Nikolai YURASOV, Marina CHERNYSHOVA, Alexander PETROV, Viktor GALUSHKA, Alexei MARKIN, Oleg KOFTIN

Abstract: The species from the genus Ganoderma are known to be extremely important macrofungi in fundamental biological, medicinal, and socioeconomic aspects. The present communication describes the brief morphological description, macro- and microscopic details, and chemical constituents of the representatives of five species of Ganoderma mushroom collected from different sites in Vietnamese National Parks. These species were Ganoderma colossus, G. Neojaponicum, G. Cattienensis, G. Lucidum, and G. Applanatum. Three additional herbarium strains of Ganoderma from European and Siberian regions have been implemented in the present framework for the purposes of comparison. Cultural characterization on solid and liquid fermentation, and scanning electron microscopy of morphology along with chemical analysis served as the supporting identification and comparison factors. Low-molecular-weight chemical constituents were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas-liquid chromatography techniques. Valuable substances (2-monolinolein, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl elaidate, fatty alcohol, fatty acid alkyl esters, and free fatty acids) detected in pigmented mycelia and submerged cultures have promising biotechnological applications including in food supplements, lipid-based drug delivery systems, and biodiesel-related items. The representative voucher specimens were deposited at the Herbarium of the Southern Institute of Ecology (Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam) and were assigned accession numbers.

Keywords: Mushroom, Ganoderma, culture characteristics, chemical composition, gas chromatographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy

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