Investigation of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) resistance in almond rootstocks with DNA markers

Authors: SULTAN BAY TÜRKOĞLU, NERGİZ ÇOBAN, ALİ ÖZKAN, HALİT SEYFETTİN ATLI, CANAN CAN

Abstract: Seven almond varieties, Ferragnes, Nemaguard, AB3 (Amygdalus orientalis Mill.), GN22, GF677, Myrobalan(Prunus cerasifera),and Pissardi nigra, and F₁ crossbreed almonds, Ferragnes × Pissardi nigra, Ferragnes × Myrobalan, Ferragnes × GN22, Nemaguard × GF677, Myrobalan × AB3 (Prunus dulcis Mill.), Myrobalan × Ferragnes, Pissardi nigra × AB3, and GF677 × Myrobalan, were used to determine resistance against root-knot nematode (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp.) using DNA markers. Parental lines and 316 F1 plants were tested with SSR (plgms8, plgms9, and plgms19) and STS (STS-OPS14a, STS-834b) markers. It was found that plgms19 exhibited 76%, 77.01%, 73.13%, and 86.6% inheritance of resistance in the Ferragnes × Pissardi nigra, Ferragnes × Myrobalan, Ferragnes × GN22, and Nemaguard × GF677 F1 populations, respectively. No resistance was detected in the Nemaguard × GF677 population with the plgms8 marker. Since the plgms19 and STS-834b primers were found to be effective at high ratios in determining resistance to RKN in the Nemaguard × GF677 F₁ population, the use of these markers could be included in breeding studies. It was also detected that the STS-OPS14a primer is appropriate to use for determining the sensitivity to RKN in almond rootstocks.

Keywords: Almond, breeding, DNA marker, nematode

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