Effects of wheel traffic and farmyard manure applications on soil CO₂ emission and soil oxygen content

Authors: SEFA ALTIKAT, HASAN KAAN KÜÇÜKERDEM, AYSUN ALTIKAT

Abstract: This 2-year field study investigated the effects of different wheel traffic passes, manure amounts, and manure application methods on soil temperature, soil moisture, CO₂ emission, and soil O₂ content. To achieve this purpose, three different wheel traffic applications (no traffic, one pass, and two passes) were used. In the experiments, two different methods of manure applications (surface and subsurface) and three different farmyard manure amounts were used with a control plot (N0), 40 Mg ha^-1 (N40), and 80 Mg ha^-1 (N80). Manure was applied in both years of the experiment in the first week of April. For the subsurface application, the manure was mixed in at approximately 10 cm of soil depth with a rotary tiller. According to the results, soil temperature, soil moisture, penetration resistance, and bulk density increased with increasing wheel traffic except CO₂ emission for 2014 and 2015. CO₂ emission values decreased with traffic. Subsurface manure application caused more CO₂ emission compared to surface application. The increase in manure amounts led to an increase in CO₂ emission and soil moisture content. The effects on soil O₂ content were observed only during 2015. Maximum oxygen values were obtained in the plots where compaction was not applied. In addition, surface manure application caused more soil O₂ content compared to subsurface application.

Keywords: Compaction, CO₂ emission, soil temperature, O₂ content, soil moisture

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